Title of dataset
ESS round
Edition
Production date
Respondent's identification number
Country
News about politics and current affairs, watching, reading or listening, in minutes
Internet use, how often
Internet use, how much time on typical day, in minutes
Most people can be trusted or you can't be too careful
Most people try to take advantage of you, or try to be fair
Most of the time people helpful or mostly looking out for themselves
How interested in politics
Political system allows people to have a say in what government does
Able to take active role in political group
Political system allows people to have influence on politics
Confident in own ability to participate in politics
Trust in country's parliament
Trust in the legal system
Trust in the police
Trust in politicians
Trust in political parties
Trust in the European Parliament
Trust in the United Nations
Voted last national election
Party voted for in last national election, Austria
Party voted for in last national election, Belgium
Party voted for in last national election, Switzerland
Party voted for in last national election, Czechia
Party voted for in last national election 1, Germany
Party voted for in last national election 2, Germany
Party voted for in last national election, Estonia
Party voted for in last national election, Spain
Party voted for in last national election, Finland
Party voted for in last national election, France (ballot 1)
Party voted for in last national election, United Kingdom
Party voted for in last national election, Hungary
Party voted for in last national election, Ireland
Party voted for in last national election, Israel
Party voted for in last national election, Iceland
Party voted for in last national election, Italy
Party voted for in last national election 1, Lithuania (first vote, party)
Party voted for in last national election 2, Lithuania (second vote, party)
Party voted for in last national election 3, Lithuania (third vote, party)
Party voted for in last national election, Netherlands
Party voted for in last national election, Norway
Party voted for in last national election, Poland
Party voted for in last national election, Portugal
Party voted for in last national election, Russian Federation
Party voted for in last national election, Sweden
Party voted for in last national election, Slovenia
Contacted politician or government official last 12 months
Worked in political party or action group last 12 months
Worked in another organisation or association last 12 months
Worn or displayed campaign badge/sticker last 12 months
Signed petition last 12 months
Taken part in lawful public demonstration last 12 months
Boycotted certain products last 12 months
Posted or shared anything about politics online last 12 months
Feel closer to a particular party than all other parties
Which party feel closer to, Austria
Which party feel closer to, Belgium
Which party feel closer to, Switzerland
Which party feel closer to, Czechia
Which party feel closer to, Germany
Which party feel closer to, Estonia
Which party feel closer to, Spain
Which party feel closer to, Finland
Which party feel closer to, France
Which party feel closer to, United Kingdom
Which party feel closer to, Hungary
Which party feel closer to, Ireland
Which party feel closer to, Israel
Which party feel closer to, Iceland
Which party feel closer to, Italy
Which party feel closer to, Lithuania
Which party feel closer to, Netherlands
Which party feel closer to, Norway
Which party feel closer to, Poland
Which party feel closer to, Portugal
Which party feel closer to, Russian Federation
Which party feel closer to, Sweden
Which party feel closer to, Slovenia
How close to party
Placement on left right scale
How satisfied with life as a whole
How satisfied with present state of economy in country
How satisfied with the national government
How satisfied with the way democracy works in country
State of education in country nowadays
State of health services in country nowadays
Government should reduce differences in income levels
Men should have more right to job than women when jobs are scarce
Gays and lesbians free to live life as they wish
Ashamed if close family member gay or lesbian
Gay and lesbian couples right to adopt children
European Union: European unification go further or gone too far
Allow many/few immigrants of same race/ethnic group as majority
Allow many/few immigrants of different race/ethnic group from majority
Allow many/few immigrants from poorer countries outside Europe
Immigration bad or good for country's economy
Country's cultural life undermined or enriched by immigrants
Immigrants make country worse or better place to live
How happy are you
How often socially meet with friends, relatives or colleagues
How many people with whom you can discuss intimate and personal matters
Take part in social activities compared to others of same age
Respondent or household member victim of burglary/assault last 5 years
Feeling of safety of walking alone in local area after dark
Subjective general health
Hampered in daily activities by illness/disability/infirmity/mental problem
How emotionally attached to [country]
How emotionally attached to Europe
Belonging to particular religion or denomination
Religion or denomination belonging to at present
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Austria
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Belgium
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Switzerland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Germany
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Finland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, United Kingdom
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Hungary
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Ireland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Iceland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Lithuania
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Netherlands
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Norway
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Poland
Religion or denomination belonging to at present, Sweden
Ever belonging to particular religion or denomination
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Austria
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Belgium
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Switzerland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Germany
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Finland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, United Kingdom
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Hungary
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Ireland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Iceland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Lithuania
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Netherlands
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Norway
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Poland
Religion or denomination belonging to in the past, Sweden
How religious are you
How often attend religious services apart from special occasions
How often pray apart from at religious services
Member of a group discriminated against in this country
Discrimination of respondent's group: colour or race
Discrimination of respondent's group: nationality
Discrimination of respondent's group: religion
Discrimination of respondent's group: language
Discrimination of respondent's group: ethnic group
Discrimination of respondent's group: age
Discrimination of respondent's group: gender
Discrimination of respondent's group: sexuality
Discrimination of respondent's group: disability
Discrimination of respondent's group: other grounds
Discrimination of respondent's group: don't know
Discrimination of respondent's group: refusal
Discrimination of respondent's group: not applicable
Discrimination of respondent's group: no answer
Citizen of country
Citizenship
Born in country
Country of birth
What year you first came to live in country
Language most often spoken at home: first mentioned
Language most often spoken at home: second mentioned
Belong to minority ethnic group in country
Father born in country
Country of birth, father
Mother born in country
Country of birth, mother
Government should be generous judging applications for refugee status
Most refugee applicants not in real fear of persecution own countries
Granted refugees should be entitled to bring close family members
How likely to buy most energy efficient home appliance
How often do things to reduce energy use
How confident you could use less energy than now
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from coal
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from natural gas
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from hydroelectric power
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from nuclear power
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from solar power
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from wind power
How much electricity in [country] should be generated from biomass energy
How worried, power cuts
How worried, energy too expensive for many people
How worried, [country] too dependent on energy imports
How worried, [country] too dependent on fossil fuels
How worried, energy supply interrupted by natural disasters or extreme weather
How worried, energy supply interrupted by insufficient power generated
How worried, energy supply interrupted by technical failures
How worried, energy supply interrupted by terrorist attacks
Do you think world's climate is changing
How much thought about climate change before today
Climate change caused by natural processes, human activity, or both
To what extent feel personal responsibility to reduce climate change
How worried about climate change
Climate change good or bad impact across world
Imagine large numbers of people limit energy use, how likely reduce climate change
How likely, large numbers of people limit energy use
How likely, governments enough countries take action to reduce climate change
How likely, limiting own energy use reduce climate change
Favour increase taxes on fossil fuels to reduce climate change
Favour subsidise renewable energy to reduce climate change
Favour ban sale of least energy efficient household appliances to reduce climate change
Large differences in income acceptable to reward talents and efforts
For fair society, differences in standard of living should be small
Of every 100 working age how many unemployed and looking for work
Standard of living of pensioners
Standard of living of unemployed
Standard of living for the old, governments' responsibility
Standard of living for the unemployed, governments' responsibility
Child care services for working parents, governments' responsibility
Social benefits/services place too great strain on economy
Social benefits/services prevent widespread poverty
Social benefits/services lead to a more equal society
Social benefits/services cost businesses too much in taxes/charges
Social benefits/services make people lazy
Social benefits/services make people less willing care for one another
When should immigrants obtain rights to social benefits/services
Most unemployed people do not really try to find a job
Many with very low incomes get less benefit than legally entitled to
Many manage to obtain benefits/services not entitled to
Administration of unemployment benefits questions
Unemployment benefit if turn down job: less pay
Unemployment benefit if turn down job: lower level of education
Unemployment benefit if turn down job: refuse unpaid work
Someone in their 50s, unemployment benefit if turn down job: less pay
Someone In their 50s, unemployment benefit if turn down job: lower level of education
Someone in their 50s, unemployment benefit if turn down job: refuse unpaid work
Someone aged 20-25, unemployment benefit if turn down job: less pay
Someone aged 20-25, unemployment benefit if turn down job: lower level of education
Someone aged 20-25, unemployment benefit if turn down job: refuse unpaid work
Single parent to 3-year-old, unemployment benefit if turn down job: less pay
Single parent to 3-year-old, unemployment benefit if turn down job: lower level of education
Single parent to 3-year-old, unemployment benefit if turn down job: refuse unpaid work
Social benefits only for people with lowest incomes
Spend more on education for unemployed at cost of unemployment benefit
Benefits for parents to combine work and family even if means higher taxes
Against or In favour of a basic income scheme
Against or In favour of European Union-wide social benefit scheme
More decisions made by EU: level of benefits in [country] become higher or lower
How likely unemployed and looking for work next 12 months
How likely not enough money for household necessities next 12 months
Would vote for [country] to remain member of European Union or leave
Would vote for [country] to remain member of European Union or leave, United Kingdom
Would vote for [country] to become member of European Union or remain outside
Number of people living regularly as member of household
Gender
Gender of second person in household
Gender of third person in household
Gender of fourth person in household
Gender of fifth person in household
Gender of sixth person in household
Gender of seventh person in household
Gender of eighth person in household
Gender of ninth person in household
Gender of tenth person in household
Gender of eleventh person in household
Gender of twelfth person in household
Age of respondent, calculated
Year of birth
Year of birth of second person in household
Year of birth of third person in household
Year of birth of fourth person in household
Year of birth of fifth person in household
Year of birth of sixth person in household
Year of birth of seventh person in household
Year of birth of eighth person in household
Year of birth of ninth person in household
Year of birth of tenth person in household
Year of birth of eleventh person in household
Year of birth of twelfth person in household
Second person in household: relationship to respondent
Third person in household: relationship to respondent
Fourth person in household: relationship to respondent
Fifth person in household: relationship to respondent
Sixth person in household: relationship to respondent
Seventh person in household: relationship to respondent
Eighth person in household: relationship to respondent
Ninth person in household: relationship to respondent
Tenth person in household: relationship to respondent
Eleventh person in household: relationship to respondent
Twelfth person in household: relationship to respondent
Interviewer code, lives with husband/wife/partner
Relationship with husband/wife/partner currently living with
Relationship with husband/wife/partner currently living with, Finland
Relationship with husband/wife/partner currently living with, United Kingdom
Ever lived with a partner, without being married
Ever been divorced/had civil union dissolved
Interviewer code, respondent cohabiting
Legal marital status
Legal marital status, Finland
Legal marital status, United Kingdom
Legal marital status, post coded
Children living at home or not
Ever had children living in household
Domicile, respondent's description
Highest level of education
Highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Highest level of education, Austria
Highest level of education, Belgium
Highest level of education, Switzerland
Highest level of education, Czechia
Highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Highest level of education, Estonia
Highest level of education, Spain
Highest level of education, Finland
Highest level of education, France
Highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Highest level of education, Hungary
Highest level of education, Ireland
Highest level of education, Israeli education, Israel
Highest level of education, Russian education, Israel
Highest level of education, Iceland
Highest level of education, Italy
Highest level of education, Lithuania
Highest level of education, Netherlands
Highest level of education, Norway
Highest level of education, Poland
Tertiary education: lower or higher/single tier, Poland
Highest level of education, Portugal
Highest level of education, Russian Federation
Highest level of education, Sweden
Highest level of education, Slovenia
Years of full-time education completed
Doing last 7 days: paid work
Doing last 7 days: education
Doing last 7 days: unemployed, actively looking for job
Doing last 7 days: unemployed, not actively looking for job
Doing last 7 days: permanently sick or disabled
Doing last 7 days: retired
Doing last 7 days: community or military service
Doing last 7 days: housework, looking after children, others
Doing last 7 days: other
Doing last 7 days: refusal
Doing last 7 days: don't know
Doing last 7 days: no answer
Interviewer code, one/more than one doing last 7 days
Main activity last 7 days
Main activity, last 7 days. All respondents. Post coded
Interviewer code, respondent in paid work
Control paid work last 7 days
Ever had a paid job
Year last in paid job
Employment relation
Number of employees respondent has/had
Employment contract unlimited or limited duration
Establishment size
Responsible for supervising other employees
Number of people responsible for in job
Allowed to decide how daily work is organised
Allowed to influence policy decisions about activities of organisation
Total contracted hours per week in main job overtime excluded
Have a set 'basic' or contracted number of hours
Total hours normally worked per week in main job overtime included
Industry, NACE rev.2
What type of organisation work/worked for
Occupation, ISCO08
Paid work in another country, period more than 6 months last 10 years
Ever unemployed and seeking work for a period more than three months
Any period of unemployment and work seeking lasted 12 months or more
Any period of unemployment and work seeking within last 5 years
Member of trade union or similar organisation
Main source of household income
Household's total net income, all sources
Feeling about household's income nowadays
Partner's highest level of education
Partner's highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Partner's highest level of education, Austria
Partner's highest level of education, Belgium
Partner's highest level of education, Switzerland
Partner's highest level of education, Czechia
Partner's highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Partner's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Partner's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Partner's highest level of education, Estonia
Partner's highest level of education, Spain
Partner's highest level of education, Finland
Partner's highest level of education, France
Partner's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Partner's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Partner's age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Partner's highest level of education, Hungary
Partner's highest level of education, Ireland
Partner's highest level of education, Israeli education, Israel
Partner's highest level of education, Russian education, Israel
Partner's highest level of education, Iceland
Partner's highest level of education, Italy
Partner's highest level of education, Lithuania
Partner's highest level of education, Netherlands
Partner's highest level of education, Norway
Partner's highest level of education, Poland
Partner's tertiary education: lower or higher/single tier, Poland
Partner's highest level of education, Portugal
Partner's highest level of education, Russian Federation
Partner's highest level of education, Sweden
Partner's highest level of education, Slovenia
Partner doing last 7 days: paid work
Partner doing last 7 days: education
Partner doing last 7 days: unemployed, actively looking for job
Partner doing last 7 days: unemployed, not actively looking for job
Partner doing last 7 days: permanently sick or disabled
Partner doing last 7 days: retired
Partner doing last 7 days: community or military service
Partner doing last 7 days: housework, looking after children, others
Partner doing last 7 days: other
Partner doing last 7 days: don't know
Partner doing last 7 days: not applicable
Partner doing last 7 days: refusal
Partner doing last 7 days: no answer
Interviewer code, one/more than one doing partner last 7 days
Partner's main activity last 7 days
Interviewer code, Respondents partner in paid work
Partner, control paid work last 7 days
Occupation partner, ISCO08
Partner's employment relation
Hours normally worked a week in main job overtime included, partner
Father's highest level of education
Father's highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Father's highest level of education, Austria
Father's highest level of education, Belgium
Father's highest level of education, Switzerland
Father's highest level of education, Czechia
Father's highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Father's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Father's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Father's highest level of education, Estonia
Father's highest level of education, Spain
Father's highest level of education, Finland
Father's highest level of education, France
Father's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Father's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Father's age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Father's highest level of education, Hungary
Father's highest level of education, Ireland
Father's highest level of education, Israeli education, Israel
Father's highest level of education, Russian education, Israel
Father's highest level of education, Iceland
Father's highest level of education, Italy
Father's highest level of education, Lithuania
Father's highest level of education, Netherlands
Father's highest level of education, Norway
Father's highest level of education, Poland
Father's highest level of education, Portugal
Father's highest level of education, Russian Federation
Father's highest level of education, Sweden
Father's highest level of education, Slovenia
Father's employment status when respondent 14
Father's occupation when respondent 14
Mother's highest level of education
Mother's highest level of education, ES - ISCED
Mother's highest level of education, Austria
Mother's highest level of education, Belgium
Mother's highest level of education, Switzerland
Mother's highest level of education, Czechia
Mother's highest level of education, Germany: höchster allgemeinbildender Schulabschluss
Mother's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Studienabschluss
Mother's highest level of education, Germany: höchster Ausbildungsabschluss
Mother's highest level of education, Estonia
Mother's highest level of education, Spain
Mother's highest level of education, Finland
Mother's highest level of education, France
Mother's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to 2 or more A-levels or equivalent
Mother's highest level of education, United Kingdom: Up to Ph.D or equivalent
Mother's age when completed full time education, United Kingdom
Mother's highest level of education, Hungary
Mother's highest level of education, Ireland
Mother's highest level of education, Israeli education, Israel
Mother's highest level of education, Russian education, Israel
Mother's highest level of education, Iceland
Mother's highest level of education, Italy
Mother's highest level of education, Lithuania
Mother's highest level of education, Netherlands
Mother's highest level of education, Norway
Mother's highest level of education, Poland
Mother's highest level of education, Portugal
Mother's highest level of education, Russian Federation
Mother's highest level of education, Sweden
Mother's highest level of education, Slovenia
Mother's employment status when respondent 14
Mother's occupation when respondent 14
Improve knowledge/skills: course/lecture/conference, last 12 months
First ancestry, European Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups
Second ancestry, European Standard Classification of Cultural and Ethnic Groups
Important to think new ideas and being creative
Important to be rich, have money and expensive things
Important that people are treated equally and have equal opportunities
Important to show abilities and be admired
Important to live in secure and safe surroundings
Important to try new and different things in life
Important to do what is told and follow rules
Important to understand different people
Important to be humble and modest, not draw attention
Important to have a good time
Important to make own decisions and be free
Important to help people and care for others well-being
Important to be successful and that people recognize achievements
Important that government is strong and ensures safety
Important to seek adventures and have an exciting life
Important to behave properly
Important to get respect from others
Important to be loyal to friends and devote to people close
Important to care for nature and environment
Important to follow traditions and customs
Important to seek fun and things that give pleasure
Region
Regional unit
Place of interview: East, West Germany
Start of interview, day of month
Start of interview, month
Start of interview, year
Start of interview, hour
Start of interview, minute
End of interview, day of month
End of interview, month
End of interview, year
End of interview, hour
End of interview, minute
Interview length in minutes, main questionnaire
Design weight
Post-stratification weight including design weight